Volume 8, Issue 2 (summer 2021)
J Prevent Med 2021, 8(2): 36-27 |
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Dadipour S, Aghamlae T, Ahmadi Z, Ranaei V, Alavi A. A systematic review of the factors affecting women's tendency to use hookah. J Prevent Med 2021; 8 (2) :36-27
URL: http://jpm.hums.ac.ir/article-1-538-en.html
URL: http://jpm.hums.ac.ir/article-1-538-en.html
1- Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
2- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3- Master of Occupational Health Engineerin, Department of Occupational Health, Factualy of Health, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
4- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
5- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
2- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3- Master of Occupational Health Engineerin, Department of Occupational Health, Factualy of Health, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
4- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
5- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Abstract: (2738 Views)
Introduction: Statistics around the world show an increase in hookah smoking among women compared to men. The present review was designed to determine the factors affecting hookah smoking in women around the world.
Information sources or data: The present study is a systematic review that was conducted in 2020 by searching in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Iranian Databases, Elsevier,Scopus, Medline, Google scholar, Magiran, SID, and Iranmedex in both Persian and English language. All published articles from 1990 to 2021 were included in the study.
Selection methods for study: Inclusion criteria were articles that targeted women and examined hookah smoking. Exclusion criteria were studies with indivisible reporting of results in men and women, intervention studies, and studies that examined the relationship between demographic information and hookah smoking.
Combine content and results: The most common reasons for hookah smoking in women at the individual level included a positive attitude towards hookah smoking, low self-efficacy, hookah dependence, psychological needs and pleasant taste of tobacco and at the interpersonal level the reasons included hookah innovations and attractiveness, abstract norms, the absence of hookah smoking baning laws, easy access, cultural norms, media propaganda, economic challenges, the influence of powerful actors, the dynamics of the tobacco industry, the non-participatory policies of the government, and the cultural invasion of foreign countries.
Conclusion: Eliminating women's positive attitudes, strengthening the skills of saying no to the friends, and focusing and intervening effectively on out of individual's control environmental factors can play an effective role in reducing hookah use.
Information sources or data: The present study is a systematic review that was conducted in 2020 by searching in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Iranian Databases, Elsevier,Scopus, Medline, Google scholar, Magiran, SID, and Iranmedex in both Persian and English language. All published articles from 1990 to 2021 were included in the study.
Selection methods for study: Inclusion criteria were articles that targeted women and examined hookah smoking. Exclusion criteria were studies with indivisible reporting of results in men and women, intervention studies, and studies that examined the relationship between demographic information and hookah smoking.
Combine content and results: The most common reasons for hookah smoking in women at the individual level included a positive attitude towards hookah smoking, low self-efficacy, hookah dependence, psychological needs and pleasant taste of tobacco and at the interpersonal level the reasons included hookah innovations and attractiveness, abstract norms, the absence of hookah smoking baning laws, easy access, cultural norms, media propaganda, economic challenges, the influence of powerful actors, the dynamics of the tobacco industry, the non-participatory policies of the government, and the cultural invasion of foreign countries.
Conclusion: Eliminating women's positive attitudes, strengthening the skills of saying no to the friends, and focusing and intervening effectively on out of individual's control environmental factors can play an effective role in reducing hookah use.
Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Health Education
Received: 2021/06/25 | Accepted: 2021/07/26 | Published: 2021/09/1
Received: 2021/06/25 | Accepted: 2021/07/26 | Published: 2021/09/1
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