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Volume 10, Issue 4 (1-2024)                   J Prevent Med 2024, 10(4): 330-341 | Back to browse issues page

Ethics code: IR.SSRI.REC.1401.1788

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Sadeghi Z, Khalaghi K, Seyedahmadi M. The Relationship of Lumbar Lordosis and Thoracic Kyphosis With Mobility, Balance, and Trunk Stability in Elderly Women at Risk of Falling. J Prevent Med 2024; 10 (4) :330-341
URL: http://jpm.hums.ac.ir/article-1-726-en.html
The Relationship of Lumbar Lordosis and Thoracic Kyphosis With Mobility, Balance, and Trunk Stability in Elderly Women at Risk of Falling
Zahra Sadeghi1 , Karim Khalaghi1 , Mohammad Seyedahmadi *2
1- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Nizami Institute of Higher Education, Quchan, Iran.
2- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran.
Keywords: Elderly, Balance, Lordosis, Kyphosis, Mobility, Trunk stability
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Introduction
Postural abnormalities can cause falls and have negative effects on the psychological, social and physiological performance of people in old age. Abnormalities of the lumbar-pelvic region cause problems with balance and mobility in people due to changes in the amount of the lumbar arch and disturbance in the stability of the lumbar-pelvic region. Research shows that people with lordosis have muscle weakness. So far, few studies have been conducted on the relationship of lordosis and kyphosis angles with balance, mobility performance and trunk stability of elderly women prone to falls. In this regard, this research aims to investigate this relationship and provide prevention strategies to reduce the risk of falling and related problems in elderly women.

Methods
This is a descriptive- correlational study. The statistical population consists of all elderly women over 60 years of age living in a nursing home in Quchan County, Iran, in 2022. Among them, 120 women declared informed consent to participate in the study. Based on the entry and exit criteria, 30 elderly women were selected as the study samples. Lordosis and kyphosis angles were measured using a flexible ruler, and static and dynamic balances were measured using the Berg test and the Timed Up & Go test. The mobility performance of the women was evaluated using the Tinetti test, and the trunk stability was evaluated using the trunk stability test. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 22 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson correlation test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used in the analysis. Non-parametric tests were also used if necessary.

Results
The participants had the following characteristics: Age=71.65±7.64 years, height=159.53±13.19 cm, and weight=65.32±16.89 kg. The results showed the significant negative relationship of kyphosis and lordosis angles with static balance (P=0.030) and mobility performance (P=0.0001). The kyphosis and lordosis angles had a significant positive relationship with dynamic balance (P=0.039 and 0.0001, respectively) and trunk stability (P=0.003 and 0.004, respectively).

Conclusion
The results showed that the kyphosis and lordosis angles had a positive relationship with trunk stability, balance, and mobility performance in elderly women at risk of falling. As a result, exercises are recommended to improve mobility performance, balance, and trunk stability in this age group under the supervision of experts. These exercises can be strengthening, balance, motor coordination, and flexibility exercises. Correctional and rehabilitation specialists are recommended to improve the balance, mobility, and trunk stability of elderly women by correcting the alignment of the spine and strengthening the muscles of this area.
Longitudinal and interventional studies should also be conducted to investigate the changes in the kyphosis and lordosis angles of these women over time. Evaluation of the effect of specific interventions such as exercise programs and balance training is also recommended.

Ethical Considerations

Compliance with ethical guidelines
This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Sport Sciences Research Institute (Code: IR.SSRI.REC.1401.1788).

Funding
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Authors' contributions
Study design and data collection: Zahra Sadeghi and Karim Khalaghi; Statistical analysis: Karim Khalaghi; Writing: Mohammad Seyyed Ahmad.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank all the elderly who participated in this study for their collaboration.




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Type of Study: Orginal | Subject: General
Received: 2023/08/9 | Accepted: 2023/10/9 | Published: 2024/01/1
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